Effects of high-intensity interval training on fitness components, quality of life, and exercise motivation in adolescents

[R. Lj. Jovanović]

160 listova

Biografija autora: list 160. Bibliografija: list. 133-151.

Scientific disciplines in physical education and sport

Introduction: Since the late 20th century, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has primarily been used by athletes, but in the past decade, it has become increasingly popular among the general population. This training strategy is characterized by bursts of high-intensity activity, interspersed with periods of rest or low-intensity exercises for recovery. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of HIIT on fitness components, quality of life and motivation to exercise in adolescents, lasting 12 weeks. Methods: The total sample of respondents consisted of 60 students of the first and second year of Gymnasium "9. maj" from Niš, aged 15-17, who were randomly divided into two groups: one experimental and one control group of 30 subjects each. Measurement of parameters was divided into two stages: initial measurement (before the start of the experimental program) and final measurement (after 12 weeks of the experimental program). The measurements were carried out in the Gymnasium "9. Maj" in Niš using measuring instruments according to standardized protocols and according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the instruments used for the measurement. The experimental part of the research was organized through a 12-week HIIT Tabata exercise program that was conducted in the introductory-preparatory part of the class, twice a week, for a total duration of 10 minutes. The training is organized in two stages: from the first to the sixth week and from the sixth to twelfth. Results: The values of the shuttle run test (SRT) in meters and VO2max both at the initial and at the final measurement were, although not statistically significant, higher in the experimental compared to the control group. It is noted that the SRT value in meters at the final measurement is almost statistically significantly higher in the experimental compared to the control group (p=0.0580). Long jump values (LJ), squat jump values (SQJ), squat jump values with preparation (CMJ) did not differ statistically significantly between the examined groups, neither at the initial nor at the final measurement. The value of the achieved change in the long jump is statistically significantly higher in the experimental compared to the control group (p<0.001). Under the influence of HIIT, the changes in the performance of the exercise of the maximum number of abs for 30s (TRB 30s) are statistically significantly higher in subjects of the experimental group compared to the control group by 1.27 (95% CI: 0.42 to 2.11; p=0.0039; p<0.01), and 13% the variability of changes in TRB 30s was determined by the influence of HIIT. The results of this doctoral dissertation show that with the HIIT program in the introductory preparatory part of the class, there is a possibility that the shortcomings of the exercise program in the regular physical education class can be compensated for in a very short time, and that it would be desirable to find new models of physical education classes, that include high intensity activities.

adolescenti, visokointenzivno intervalni trening, tabata, fitnes

adolescents, high-intensity interval training, tabata, fitness

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