ǂThe ǂeffects of ball pilates on body composition, functional mobility and muscular fitness in adolescents

[A. N. Abohllala]

208 listova

Biografija autora: list 208. Bibliografija: list. 186-202.

Scientific disciplines in sport and physical education

This doctoral dissertation was conducted with the aim of determining the effects of the ball Pilates on body composition, functional mobility, and muscular fitness in female adolescents. A sample of 48 participants was randomly divided into an experimental group (E; n = 24; mean ± SD: 15.28 ± 0.48 years; BMI: 21.43 ± 1.10 kg/m2) and a control group (K; n = 24; mean ± SD: 15.06 ± 0.29 years; BMI: 20.68 ± 1.54 kg/m2). The experimental group performed the ball Pilates program twice a week for ten weeks, while the control group followed the standard Physical Education program. The experimental program consisted of stabilization endurance exercises and dynamic exercises on a Pilates ball focusing on strengthening trunk stabilizer muscles. The sample of measuring instruments included three parameters for assessing body composition (skeletal muscle mass - kg, body fat mass - kg and body fat percentage -%), seven standard functional mobility tests that are integral parts of the essential movement patterns screening (FMS), and five tests for assessing muscular fitness (tests for the flexor, extensor, and lateral trunk muscles’ isometric endurance assessment, the Front Plank Test and the clinical, bilateral the Single-Leg Squat test). The results showed that the experimental program statistically significantly influenced the improvement of muscular fitness, particularly the trunk stabilizer muscles endurance, where large effects were observed. Additionally, significant improvements and moderate effects in all body composition parameters and three functional mobility tests (in the Trunk Stability Push-Up test, and the bilateral Rotational Stability and Sholder Mobility tests) were found in the experimental group. In the control group, significant improvements and minor effects were found only in muscular fitness, while the improvements found in body composition and functional mobility were only at a numerical level. The results of intergroup differences in body composition, muscular fitness and three functional mobility tests (Trunk Stability Push-Up, Rotational Stability and Sholder Mobility tests) at the final measurement indicated statistically significantly better results in the experimental group. Large effects of the applied experimental treatment were observed in all trunk stabilization endurance tests. Medium effects were found in all body composition parameters, the Trunk Stability Push-Up test, and the bilateral In-Line Lunge and Active Straight Leg Raise tests. Effects ranging from small to medium were observed in the Active Straight Leg Raise and Single-Leg Squat tests. In the Deep Squat test and the bilateral In-Line Lunge and Hurdle Step tests, the effect sizes were small. The study confirmed the superiority of training on a Pilates ball over the regular physical education program in improving the body composition, muscular fitness and those tests of functional mobility, the effectiveness of which is dominantly dependent on core stability and the mobility of the shoulder girdle muscles.

pilates trening, skeletno mišićna masa, masna masa tela, izdržljivost stabilizatora trupa, FMS, učenici

pilates training, skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, trunk stabilizer endurance, FMS, skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, students

796.412.24:001.891-053.6(043.3)

S 273

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