Title
Reverzni inženjering dugih kostiju čoveka zasnovan na morfometrijskim parametrima
Creator
Vitković, Nikola M. 1976-
Copyright date
2016
Object Links
Select license
Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno-Bez prerade 3.0 Srbija (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0)
License description
Dozvoljavate samo preuzimanje i distribuciju dela, ako/dok se pravilno naznačava ime autora, bez ikakvih promena dela i bez prava komercijalnog korišćenja dela. Ova licenca je najstroža CC licenca. Osnovni opis Licence: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/rs/deed.sr_LATN. Sadržaj ugovora u celini: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/rs/legalcode.sr-Latn
Language
Serbian
Cobiss-ID
Theses Type
Doktorska disertacija
description
Datum odbrane: 18.03.2016.
Other responsibilities
mentor
Trajanović, Miroslav 1954-
član komisije
Mitković, Milorad
član komisije
Arsić, Stojanka
Academic Expertise
Prirodno-matematičke nauke
Academic Title
-
University
Univerzitet u Nišu
Faculty
Mašinski fakultet
Group
Katedra za proizvodno-informacione tehnologije i menadžment
Alternative title
Reverse engineering of human long bones based on morphometric parameters
Publisher
[N. M. Vitković]
Format
134 lista
description
Technical-Technological sciences, Production systems and technologies
Abstract (en)
Development of new and improvement of existent methods of creating geometrical models
of human bones is a continual process in modern medicine. Basically, most methods use medical
images obtained from various devices (medical scanners) as input data. These devices can be
classified into those which enable forming of 2D images of scanned object, such as X-ray or 2D
ultrasound, and those which enable creation of 3D images (volumetric models), such as
Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Different types of
processing can be performed on obtained data, resulting in adequate geometrical human bone
models which can be used for various purposes, including: preparation and simulation of
orthopedic interventions, students’ and doctor's training to perform orthopedic interventions,
production of osteo-fixational material, analysis of stress and strain of assembly of bones and
implants.
Problem description: While creating bone models based on data acquired from medical
scanners, two distinct cases which prevent their proper forming can be isolated. Both cases are
related to incomplete data of morphology and geometry of human bone, but with different
reasons for data deficiency.
In the first case, volumetric scanners are not available, or cannot be used for specific
reasons, e.g.: patient must not be treated with high level radiation, faulty device, institution
doesn’t possess adequate scanner, patients with metal implants, and such. In these cases, devices
such as X-ray or, less often, ultrasound are used. The outcome of this process is one or
eventually two 2D images (if the device is digital), or film (if analog X-ray apparatus is used).
Complete 3D bone visualization can be difficultly accomplished on the basis of 2D data, so
methods which enable creation of 3D geometrical bone models based on one or more 2D images
are developed today.
The second case refers to inability to create an image of complete bone. This case isn’t
connected to acquisition of bone data from medical images (although it can be), but it is mostly
conditioned by health state of the patient. Example of these cases include: multiple bone
fractures, osteoporosis, other diverse acute and chronic diseases and such. Surgeons aren’t able
to properly plan surgical procedures based on a partial image; consequently, certain surgical
decisions have to be made during the very surgery.
Goal of research: The main goal of the dissertation has been to form a method which would
enable creation of complete geometrical bone model based on both complete and incomplete
entrance data of patients’ bones (regardless the cause of data deficiency), and which would also
10
greatly contribute to the process of preparation, planning and performance of orthopedic
surgeries.
Research Subject: Research subject of the dissertation are methods of reverse engineering
which can be applied to obtain 3D geometrical models of the human long bones directly from
radiology images, whether the data is complete or incomplete.
Research result: Method of Anatomical Feature – MAF is formed as the result of applied
research whose application enables realization of the goal of research. MAF introduce a new
approach to describe geometrical entities of human bones, based on anatomical landmarks/ guide
lines. MAF enables creation of 3D geometrical models and parametric point bone models. The
main goal of application of MAF is to create 3D geometrical models (of whole bones, as well as
of the missing bone parts) of high geometrical accuracy and anatomical correctness, even in
cases when the bone data is incomplete. Based on afore mentioned, we can conclude that MAF
is a universal method to create different geometrical models of bones or bones’ parts, which
means that an adequate model can be created depending on the current situation (need, case).
Verification and application of research results: Various types of geometrical models
(polygonal, surface, volumetric, parametric) of certain bones of human body have been created
to verify MAF. All created geometrical models have satisfied necessary accuracy in geometrical
and anatomical terms, which is defined in scientific literature. This paper provides examples of
created geometrical models of femur and tibia bones; however, more geometrical models of
other bones (fibula, humerus, mandible, etc.) have been created during this research.
Nevertheless, MAF has been, both directly and indirectly (geometrical models of bones created
with MAF have been used) applied for other purposes. These are characteristic cases which can
appear in clinical practice, some of which are: case of creation of customized sternum implant,
use of MAF to create parametric model of internal fixator by Mitkovic, application of Finite
Element Method (FEM) to analyze stress and strain of femur bone and internal fixator by
Mitkovic, use in application prototype for the simulation of orthopedic surgeries, etc.
Conclusion: Based on everything stated above, conclusion follows that research results
presented in this paper display a significant scientific contribution which greatly contributes to
improvement of methods used in reverse engineering and geometrical modeling of long bones of
skeletal-joint system in humans.
Authors Key words
geometrijski modeli, reverzni inženjering, parametarski model,
poligonalni model, površinski model, zapreminski model, CT, MRI, kost,
morfometrijski parametri
Authors Key words
geometrical models, reverse engineering, parametric model, polygonal model,
surface model, volume model, CT, MRI, human bone, morfometric parameters
Classification
004.925.8:611.71(043.3)
Subject
621:004.89]:61(043.3)
Subject
T 130
Type
Elektronska teza
Abstract (en)
Development of new and improvement of existent methods of creating geometrical models
of human bones is a continual process in modern medicine. Basically, most methods use medical
images obtained from various devices (medical scanners) as input data. These devices can be
classified into those which enable forming of 2D images of scanned object, such as X-ray or 2D
ultrasound, and those which enable creation of 3D images (volumetric models), such as
Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Different types of
processing can be performed on obtained data, resulting in adequate geometrical human bone
models which can be used for various purposes, including: preparation and simulation of
orthopedic interventions, students’ and doctor's training to perform orthopedic interventions,
production of osteo-fixational material, analysis of stress and strain of assembly of bones and
implants.
Problem description: While creating bone models based on data acquired from medical
scanners, two distinct cases which prevent their proper forming can be isolated. Both cases are
related to incomplete data of morphology and geometry of human bone, but with different
reasons for data deficiency.
In the first case, volumetric scanners are not available, or cannot be used for specific
reasons, e.g.: patient must not be treated with high level radiation, faulty device, institution
doesn’t possess adequate scanner, patients with metal implants, and such. In these cases, devices
such as X-ray or, less often, ultrasound are used. The outcome of this process is one or
eventually two 2D images (if the device is digital), or film (if analog X-ray apparatus is used).
Complete 3D bone visualization can be difficultly accomplished on the basis of 2D data, so
methods which enable creation of 3D geometrical bone models based on one or more 2D images
are developed today.
The second case refers to inability to create an image of complete bone. This case isn’t
connected to acquisition of bone data from medical images (although it can be), but it is mostly
conditioned by health state of the patient. Example of these cases include: multiple bone
fractures, osteoporosis, other diverse acute and chronic diseases and such. Surgeons aren’t able
to properly plan surgical procedures based on a partial image; consequently, certain surgical
decisions have to be made during the very surgery.
Goal of research: The main goal of the dissertation has been to form a method which would
enable creation of complete geometrical bone model based on both complete and incomplete
entrance data of patients’ bones (regardless the cause of data deficiency), and which would also
10
greatly contribute to the process of preparation, planning and performance of orthopedic
surgeries.
Research Subject: Research subject of the dissertation are methods of reverse engineering
which can be applied to obtain 3D geometrical models of the human long bones directly from
radiology images, whether the data is complete or incomplete.
Research result: Method of Anatomical Feature – MAF is formed as the result of applied
research whose application enables realization of the goal of research. MAF introduce a new
approach to describe geometrical entities of human bones, based on anatomical landmarks/ guide
lines. MAF enables creation of 3D geometrical models and parametric point bone models. The
main goal of application of MAF is to create 3D geometrical models (of whole bones, as well as
of the missing bone parts) of high geometrical accuracy and anatomical correctness, even in
cases when the bone data is incomplete. Based on afore mentioned, we can conclude that MAF
is a universal method to create different geometrical models of bones or bones’ parts, which
means that an adequate model can be created depending on the current situation (need, case).
Verification and application of research results: Various types of geometrical models
(polygonal, surface, volumetric, parametric) of certain bones of human body have been created
to verify MAF. All created geometrical models have satisfied necessary accuracy in geometrical
and anatomical terms, which is defined in scientific literature. This paper provides examples of
created geometrical models of femur and tibia bones; however, more geometrical models of
other bones (fibula, humerus, mandible, etc.) have been created during this research.
Nevertheless, MAF has been, both directly and indirectly (geometrical models of bones created
with MAF have been used) applied for other purposes. These are characteristic cases which can
appear in clinical practice, some of which are: case of creation of customized sternum implant,
use of MAF to create parametric model of internal fixator by Mitkovic, application of Finite
Element Method (FEM) to analyze stress and strain of femur bone and internal fixator by
Mitkovic, use in application prototype for the simulation of orthopedic surgeries, etc.
Conclusion: Based on everything stated above, conclusion follows that research results
presented in this paper display a significant scientific contribution which greatly contributes to
improvement of methods used in reverse engineering and geometrical modeling of long bones of
skeletal-joint system in humans.
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