Chemical analysis and pharmacological effects of chokeberry fruit extract and juice, Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott : doctoral dissertation

[M. S. Milutinović]

[16],187 listova

Beleška o autoru: list 187; Bibliografija: listovi 150-182.

Pharmacognosy

The aim of the doctoral dissertation is to define the chemical composition and to examine the potential pharmacological effects of the chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) extracts and juice. In recent years, chokeberry fruits have been in the focus of scientific research because of their numerous pharmacological effects due to the high content of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins. For the purpose of the experiment, three different samples were prepared, chokeberry juice (AS), fruit extract (AE), as well as a waste extract (AOE). A maceration method with 50% ethanol was used for the plant material extraction. After the extraction, the samples were lyophilized and chemically characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using two in vitro methods, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and β-carotene-linoleic acid assay. The antimicrobial activity of the samples was tested against bacterial and fungal laboratory strains using a micro-dilution method. The spasmolytic activity of chokeberry extracts and juice were examined on spontaneous and induced contractions of the isolated ileum, while vasorelaxant effects were evaluated on the isolated rat aorta. The protective effects of the chokeberry preparation in the cisplatin-induced rat kidney and liver damage were evaluated by the values of biochemical, antioxidant and inflammatory parameters in blood and tissues, as well as by the histopathological analyses of the kidney and liver tissue. The highest content of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins was determined in AOE. HPLC analysis showed that cyanidin-3-O-galactoside was the most abundant compound. Chokeberry extracts and juice were potent antioxidants in vitro. The investigated preparations exhibited inhibitory activity on the growth of the used microbial strains. Gram (+) bacteria were slightly more sensitive than Gram (-) bacteria and fungus. The preparations dose-dependently inhibited spontaneous and induced contractions of the rat ileum and aorta, with a significant difference in the effects of extracts and juice due to their chemical composition. The chokeberry preparations could alleviate the kidney and liver damage caused by the nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity of cisplatin, while the protective effects resulted from their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in plasma and tissues. The results of the research have scientifically confirmed the pharmacological use of the chokeberry fruit and its potential application in modern phytotherapy. These pharmacological effects need to be confirmed by relevant clinical studies.

Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott, ekstrakti, sok, fenoli, antocijani, proantocijanidini, flavonoidi, antioksidativna aktivnost, antimikrobna aktivnost, spazmolitička aktivnost, vazorelaksantna aktivnost, nefroprotektivna aktivnost, hepatoprotektivna aktivnost

Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott, extracts, juice, phenols, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, spasmolytic activity, vasorelaxant activity, nephroprotective activity, hepatoprotective activity

634.74:615.322:543.6(043.3)

B 740

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